Steven Mintz of the University of Texas gives a fairly simple overview of the sorts of design approaches you can take with online learning.  It’s particularly useful if MOOCs are your only, or primary experience.

He sets out 5 broad approaches

  1. Instructional Courseware
  2. Social by Design
  3. Discovery Learning
  4. Education at the scale of the world
  5. Curriculum as a plug and play endevour
  6. Instructional Modules and Just-In-Time learning

My favourite statement in the article is this.

“The most radical forms of online learning, like the most revolutionary forms of in-class and hybrid education, treat the student as a knowledge creator: as a fellow researcher, investigator, and problem-solver.  Education, from this perspective, is not simply training.  It goes beyond instruction or tutelage to give students opportunities to think like a practitioner, to undertake authentic projects rooted in a particular field of study, and to cultivate a professional identity.”

Read more about the 5 approaches here.
https://www.insidehighered.com/blogs/higher-ed-beta/next-generation-online-learning